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Sunday, September 11, 2016

What you need to know to be self-realized.



Who Needs to Read the Bhāgavata?





Suta Goswāmī paused.

“And so it was that the great sage Vyāsadeva, after compiling the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam and revising it, taught it to his own son, Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī, who was highly evolved in in self-realization.”

Suta paused.Śaunaka asked him: “Śukadeva, the son of Vyāsa, was already self-realized. He had already attained spiritual perfection. Then, why did he study the Bhāgavat with his father, if he was already self-realized and had no need of books?”

Some of the yogis seated there opened their eyes. “What, indeed, is the need of any book, if one has already achieved samādhi” they thought.

Suta smiled. A butterfly fluttered through the air. A light breeze moved the broad leaves of the banyan. A pair of colored Śuka birds played in the branches.

He looked out at the assembled yogis. He knew that many of them had realized the Paramātma. While a great many of the gathered saints were eager to hear the message of the Bhagavat, there were some skeptics in the crowd. They felt there was no need of any book. Śuka was like them. He had already realized the infinite within. “Why would Śuka study the Bhagavat,” they thought.

Suta cleared his throat, gazed at the assembled saints and replied: “All kinds of self-realized souls are inspired to go deeper when hearing the Bhagavat, from Yogis with no need of books to saints with no need of rules. We call these great souls, men like yourselves, ātmārāmas. 

"An ātmārāma is one who finds pleasure in the ātmā. A certain pleasure is derived from the general sense of ātmā-tattva, from knowledge of the self. The general sense of ātma is the individual soul. But in the higher sense, of course, the soul depends on the Paramātma, the Supreme Soul. Knowledge is fine. But those who are especially those established on the path of self-realization, seek something higher than knowledge. This is divine love. A touch of divine love may be there in the realization of Paramātma. 


One who achieves samādhi through Paramātma realization is a highly developed soul indeed. All of those who are seated here in this assembly are highly elevated souls. Śukadeva, the son of Vyāsa, was such a higly elevated soul. And yet, even such highly developed souls even though they may be freed from all kinds of material bondage, desire to render unalloyed devotional service unto the Personality of Godhead. This means that the Lord possesses transcendental qualities and therefore can attract everyone, including liberated souls. Since those transcendental qualities are celebrated in the Bhāgavata, this book is worthy of study even by self-realized souls.”


“Śukadeva was highly elevated. He was self-realized. He had entered into a deep communication with Paramātma and cared nothing for this material world. He was completely indifferent to all material pleasures. But even such a great soul was attracted by hearing what Vyāsa had written.

Suta said, “There is nothing mundane in the Bhagavata. It is especially interesting to the Munis, that is, those who are thoughtful, those who are grave and silent ascetics, the persistent, mendicants, sages, and saints.

Śukadeva was not only liberated from nescience, he had no connection with any scriptural injunctions. He was freed from the obligation of the rules and regulations mentioned in the revealed scriptures like ethics, Vedas, philosophy, psychology and metaphysics. And yet, he was charmed by every line of that great treatise, so much so that he memorized it, internalized it, and could recite or explain any of it. This is why he was later chosen to speak the Bhagavata, being in his own way even more qualified than its author. Śukadeva explains to us what is the nature of devotional service, bhakti, and how to achieve it, with numerous examples.

Such realization is pleasing even to the self-realized, or atma-rama. The so-called spiritual pleasure from atma-jñāna is like the water-puddle of a cow's hoof-print by comparison to the ocean of transcendental bliss derived from the Lord’s service.”
Suta continued, “The son of Vyāsa was not only a great mystic, but he was dear to the devotees. By their influence he took to the study of this great treatise known as the Bhāgavata.

“Śukadeva was transcendentally situated even within the womb of his mother. Vyāsa knew that he had a tendency towards self-abnegation and that as a young man, Śuka would leave for the forest to absorb himself in meditation. And so it was that the compiler of the vedas taught him the Bhāgavatam. He knew that Śukadeva would be a better representative of the teachings of that great book.”

Suta explained, “A real teacher is pleased when surpassed by his student. A bona fide guru is not envious of his disciple. Vyāsa concentrated on teaching the young Śukadeva the poetry of the Bhagavat, and in this way saw to his education.


“Vyāsa was blessed by the mercy of Śrī Nārada. By the mercy of Nārada, Vyāsa saw everything. By his mercy, Vyāsa was able to compose the Bhāgavata. And through the mercy of Vyāsadeva, his son Śukadeva could enter into its meaning. And while he may have began with a certain inclination towards Brahman realization, the transcendental qualities of the Lord are so attractive that Śrīla Śukadeva Gosvāmī became uninclined towards impersonalism and dedicated to glorifying the personal activity of the Lord.


“In this way, even as a child he became dear to the devotees of the Lord and they became dear became very dear to him.

“Vyāsa was a great prophet, seer of the truth, writer and poet. His son, Śuka, was the perfect vehicle for the Bhagavata, because, although he was already perfectly realized, he was enchanted by teh Bhagavata and became the living embodiment of its poetry and teachings.”
Suta explained, “Both Vyāsa and Śukadeva had been absorbed in transcendental knowledge, and both of them were blessed by the mercy of devotees. In this way, through the mercy of the devotees and by the revelation of the Bhagavata, they themselves became lost in the search for Śrī Kṛṣṇa and attracted to the transcendental pastimes of of the Lord.



Śaunaka asked Suta, “Can you explain the purpose of the Bhāgavatam? Why should we listen to its recital? What does it reveal? How does it benefit one?

Suta replied, “Srimad-Bhagavatam is the spotless Purana. It is most dear to the Vaisnavas because it describes the pure and supreme knowledge of the paramahamsas. This Bhagavatam reveals the means for becoming free from all material work, together with the processes of transcendental knowledge, renunciation and devotion. Anyone who seriously tries to understand Srimad-Bhagavatam, who properly hears and chants it with devotion, realizes something which makes liberation pale in comparison.”


Suta said, “Srimad-Bhagavatam is the spotless Purana. It is most dear to the Vaisnavas because it describes the pure and supreme knowledge of the paramahamsas. This Bhagavatam reveals the means for becoming free from all material work, together with the processes of transcendental knowledge, renunciation and devotion. Anyone who seriously tries to understand Srimad-Bhagavatam, who properly hears and chants it with devotion, becomes completely liberated. “
The assembled yogis closed their eyes for a moment, taking in these words. Śaunaka nodded his head.
Śaunaka said, “Tell us, O Suta, of Śukadeva. Who was he? How was he empowered to speak the Bhāgavata? Under what conditions did he recite that great work? And who were those who were blessed to listen?”














Thursday, September 8, 2016

Consciencia y Ser IX

Consciencia y Ser IX
Dios, Demonios y los Planetas Sombra




Pregunta acerca de las maravillas del mundo y escucharás acerca de la Gran Pirámide de Egipto, las ruinas misteriosas de Machu Picchu en Perú; la Gran Muralla China, la Pirámide de Kukulcán en Chichen Itza en Yucatán, México. El Coliseo Romano, el Taj Mahal en Agara, India e incluso el Palacio de Invierno de los Zares de Rusia, ahora el Museo del Hermitage en San Petersburgo, Rusia también deben mencionarse, junto con el Louvre de Parías, o el Palacio de Versalles, residencia de los últimos reyes de Francia.

Ninguno de estos se compara en esplendor y misterio al Angor Wat. Angor Wat, la “ciudad que es un templo! Es el más imponente de los templos de montaña construido durante el apogeo de la civilización Khmer. Para consagrar el culto a Viṣṇu y el rey que construyo Su monumento, Suryavarman VII.

En los valles del lago Tonle Sap en Camboya, artesanos y arquitectos de la antigua Khemer trabajaron sin parar para concluir el gran templo de Viṣṇu en Angkor durante la vida de Suryavarman. La calidad de su diseño y los adornos de piedra tallada, la simbolización del Monte Meru como el centro del universo Védico, Sus santuarios y su santuario interior, y sus espejos de agua hacen de Angkor Wat un espacio espiritual único sin paralelo en su arquitectura.

En sus escritos de 1585, el explorador portugués Diego De Couto antoa, “Este tempo es una construcción tan particular que uno difícilmente puede describirla con la pluma, no puede uno compararlo con ningún otro edificio del mundo”. Cientos de años después, su descripción continúa vigente.

En algunas secciones del edificio cada pulgada cuadrada del techo ha sido labrada a mano con intrincados diseños. Mientras que el complejo de templos en Camboya abarca cientos de millas cuadradas, Angkor Wat se halla por encima de estas como el templo más importante de todo el Khmer. Aquí los edificios están construidos con la idea de replicar el mítico Monte Meru, considerado como el centro del universo.

En un sentido, Angkor Wat es un yantra, una especie de máquina arquitectónica hecha para conducir a sus visitantes hacia la consciencia elevada a través de un complejo mandala de espejos de agua, santuarios, bajorrelieves y oratorios interiores. Ningún visitante se va sin que su consciencia haya sido tocada por la experiencia meditativa profunda. Es el complejo religioso más grande construido por el hombre.

Si como Le Corbusier dice, “Una casa es una máquina para vivir”, entonces Angkor es una máquina para elevar la consciencia y desarrollar la consciencia divina. Construida en una era en la que pocos tenían acceso a los libros y menos aún eran capaces de leer y escribir, Angkor no sólo cuenta una historia mientras uno camina atravesando sus salones: es una mecanismo especial para traerlo a uno hacia un nivel de consciencia más elevado no sólo a través de la contemplación de sus maravillas arquitectónicas, sino también a través de la manipulación del espacio meditativo. Y mientras uno vaga a través de este espacio meditativo, tras cruzar el foso que separa el espacio interior de Angkor del mundo exterior de las empolvadas calles de Camboya, en donde uno es golpeado por el poder de las puertas exteriores y las torres. Adentrándose un poco más, uno llega uno a un salón de enormes bajorrelieves de paredes laterales talladas hace cerca de 800 años por el mejor escultor de Suryavarman VII.

Entre los intrincados relieves está la historia del Ramāyana y el Mahābharata, que se hace visible para todos aquellos que han escuchado estas epopeyas y quienes la conocen de memoria pero que eran incapaces de leer el sánscrito. En las Galerías Orientales está un enorme bajorrelieve ue cubre toda la pared: ahí están Rāma y Lakṣmana y Hanumāna, el Rāvaṇa de las diez cabezas y su hermano Vibhiṣana, Jambhavan el oso y sus ejércitos. Del otro lado está el Mahābharata con Bhīma y Arjuna, Yudhiṣthira y sus hermanos, los mil soldados de la guerra de Kurukṣetra encabezados por Bhiṣma. Están los carros de guerra y Bhiṣma empalado en flechas.

Teniendo en cuenta los límites del espacio de la pared, uno se pregunta a qué historias del mundo antiguo se le estará dando prominencia aquí. Al continuar caminando uno alcanza la galería este, Aquí uno se enfrenta a otro enorme bajorrelieve. Una inmensa talla de piedra de la historia del batido del océano de leche.

Se relata esta historia en el Mahābharata y en los Puranas, notablemente en el Bhāgavat Purana. Es una especie de historia de la creación. De hace mucho tiempo, antes de que el mundo empezara, los dioses o suryas eran amenazados por los danavas los demoniacos opositores de dios. Cuando ellos le pidieron ayuda a Viṣṇu, el Señor del Universo, explicó que necesitarían el amrta, una especie de tónico para la inmortalidad. Este amrita lo podrían hallar en el fondo del océano de leche, pero los dioses tendrían que batir el océano para alcanzarlo. Los dioses usaron la a Mandara, la montaña mística como batidor y envolvieron a la serpiente Vasuki a su alrededor como su soga.
Los demonios anti-dios se reunieron ahí, estimulados por la idea de que iban a tomar ellos mismos el néctar. Los dioses tomaron a la serpiente por la cola y los demonios por la cabeza y empezaron a batir la montaña. Cuando a hundirse, Viṣṇu, encarnado como la tortuga cósmica sostuvo el batidor, la montaña Mandara, en su espalda. Y así los dioses y demonios empezaron a batir el océano de leche.
Poco a poco, seres extraños y maravillosos emergieron de esa sopa: el caballo de siete cabezas Uchaishravas, la diosa Lakshmi, junto con las apsaras celestiales, ninfas celestiales divinas. Ahí apareció Surabhi la vaca de los deseos junto con la mismísima luna y la joya kaustabha que adorna el pecho del Señor Viṣṇu. Muchas hierbas valiosas, medicinas fueron producidas por el batido, también algunos venenos aparecieron. Esta miasma era peligrosa así que fue sorbida por el Señor Śiva quien la contuvo en su garganta, la cual se tiñó de azul. Por esta razón es llamado, “nila-kanta” o el de la garganta azul.



Cuando finalmente surgió el amrita en la superficie fue recogida en una vasija dorada, por el médico entre los dioses, el mismísimo Dhanvantari, otra forma de Viṣṇu. Los demonios se apresuraron a tomar la vasija y robar el néctar de la inmortalidad de los dioses.
Pero de nuevo Viṣṇu encarnado, ahora como una hermosa joven con una sonrisa encantadora y con los labios rojo rubí, Mohini. Disfrazado como la encantadora Ninfa, el mismísimo Dios Viṣṇu convenció a los demonios para que esperaran su turno mientras el néctar era distribuido primero a los dioses. Distraídos por la belleza, los demonios se sentaron y vieron como se entregaba hasta la última gota a los sedientos dioses, quienes se hicieron inmortales al beber ese néctar.
Todos excepto Rāhu, Este inteligente anti-dios se sentó entre el sol y la luna y se las arregló para obtener una probada del néctar. Pero antes de poder tragarla, fue detectado por el propio Viṣṇu quien de inmediato desenfundó su arma sudharshana chakra y decapitó al demonio. Y sin embargo, puesto que el néctar había tocado los labios y garganta de Rāhu, su cabeza se hizo inmortal. Para asegurarse de que no hiciera daño fue arrojada hacia los cielos. Ahí se sitúa hoy como una especie de planeta de sombra. De acuerdo con la tradición Hindú, el eclipse de sol es causado debido a que Rāhu intenta comerse al sol. Pero ya que no tiene cuerpo, el sol pasa rápidamente a través de su garganta.
En la astrología Védica, la influencia de Rāhu se calcula en el horóscopo de uno. Ya que Rāhu es un “planeta sombra” y no existe físicamente, aun así su impacto es considerado importante., lleno de fuerza y significado divino. Con su naturaleza sombría, Rāhu actúa en el nivel emocional e interno.
Una lectura superficial de esta historia produce nada más una especie de mito, una explicación extraña sobrenatural del universo que poco tiene que ver con nuestra experiencia.
Y sin embargo, cuando vi el bajorrelieve en Angkor no podía sino preguntarme el porqué de que esta historia en particular tenía un sitio de honor para Suryavarman VII. Por qué sus escultores expertos llegaban a tales extremos para inscribir para siempre este suceso en las paredes de piedra del templo. Debe tener un profundo significado, más allá de lo mero superficial de la creación de la historia. De hecho, lo tiene, como podremos ver. Su explicación se expande en el tema que hemos estado explorando, acerca de la veracidad de la versión Védica, junto con el ser y la consciencia, particularmente el significado de cidābhāsa, o de la consciencia “confusa a través de la cual la mente tiene que pasar para llegar a la materia”.
Sridhar Mahārāj comenta acerca de este tópico y el significado de Rāhu en su libro, “Evolución Subjetiva de la Consciencia”.
“En una ocasión, consideré desde este punto de vista la pregunta de los planetas en la cosmología Védica. Podemos ver que a través del movimiento de los distintos planetas, un eclipse solar es causado por la sombra de la luna que cae sobre la Tierra. Y sin embargo en las escrituras se ha descrito que durante un eclipse, el planeta Rāhu devora el sol o la luna. Cuando Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura estuvo en Purī durante sus últimos días y llegó un eclipse, un devoto que se suponía conocía el Siddhānta, la conclusión de las escrituras, estaba sentado junto a Prabhupāda, De pronto ridiculizó la idea dada en el Bhāgavatam que durante el eclipse solar o lunar Rāhu devota al sol o la luna.
Yo no pude tolerar que tal observación se admitiera en referencia al Bhāgavatam y argumenté que lo que declaraba el Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam no se ha de tomar a la ligera. Ofrecí lo que parecía ser un poco de apoyo descabellado. Y dije que Bhaktivinod Ṭhākura había creado muchos personajes, pero yo pensaba que estos no eran imaginarios.
Lo que él había escrito podía haber ocurrido durante algún otro milenio (kalpa), o día de Brahmam y que ahora se tomaba a la ligera, Considerando la importancia del significado literal de las escrituras, Bhaktivedānta Swāmi Maharaja presento su Bhagavad-Gita tal como es.
“Yo pensé ‘¿Cómo puedo probar lo que dice el Bhāgavatam’ no lo sé. Pero lo que se ha dicho en el Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam ha de ser cierto. Yo tengo fe en ello.
“Hay tantas declaraciones acerca de la cosmología del universo en las escrituras, Los Aryans, los hombres desarrollados espiritualmente de tiempos pasados, solían verlo todo como consciencia. Ellos vieron que la sombra también es consciencia.
“La sombra, abhāsa, también es considerada un estado de consciencia. Únicamente  a través de esa etapa sombría de consciencia podemos llegar a la concepción material de las cosas. Antes de alcanzar la concepción de una sombra, tenemos que pasar por un estado mental, y la personificación puede estar ligada a un estado mental. La personificación de la sombra puede denominarse como “Rāhu”.
El alma se aproxima a la materia, le mundo material, pero antes de eso, ha de pasar a través de un estado de consciencia sombrío llamado cidābhāsa.
“La consciencia pasa a través del nivel de consciencia de la sombra hacia la materia, no consciente. Y ese etapa sombra de consciencia tiene su personalidad. Es también consciente, y puede ser conocido” ver las cosas como materiales. Lo que es materia concreta es desconocido. Es un mero efecto de la consciencia. Como todo lo material ha de tener algún origen consciente, u origen en la consciencia personal, ha de haber una concepción personal del sol, la luna, la Tierra y también de los planetas. Antes de alcanzar la concepción de la sombra de algún objeto, el alma ha de pasar a través de un estado de consciencia. Ese estado tiene alguna existencia espiritual como persona.
Por ello el Bhāgavatam hacer referencia al sol, la luna y el planeta Rāhu, como personas. Todo, la Tierra, la luna, las estrellas, los planetas. Tienen una concepción personal. En el fondo de lo que podemos percibir con nuestros sentidos embotados, todo lo que se dice que es material, ha de tener una concepción personal. Sin la influencia de una concepción personal, la consciencia no puede alcanzar la etapa de materia burda.
Por lo tanto, en las antiguas escrituras, hallamos que los grandes sabios y rsis siempre se refieren a todo en este mundo como a una persona. Aunque para nosotros es materia inerte, ellos la consideraron como personas ¿Por qué? La materia no es sino sombra de la entidad personal. Lo personal. La entidad consciente es más real.
Cuando concebimos la representación personal de esa sombra, se le conocerá como Rāhu. Todo es consciente. La sombra, su efecto-todo. Cuando la luna se halla entre el sol y la tierra, la sombra de la luna llega aquí, y lo que llega también es consciente. Todo es consciente en un principio, luego está la materia. De la concepción personal evolucionan las cosas hacia la consciencia burda. Todo esto es personal. Entonces los ṛṣis con esa visión de la realidad solían designar todo como personal: los árboles, las montañas, el sol, la luna, el océano. Cuando la consciencia pura llega a experimentar la materia pura, entonces debe primero que tener una etapa de mezcla, y eso es una persona que sufre en el karma. Persona significa que no están totalmente desarrolladas completamente en el presente como personas espirituales, sino en una condición mezclada. Así que lo que los rsis están diciendo. Que todo es una persona- es real, no es un mejunje.
Todo es consciente. Tal como los científicos actuales dicen que todo es materia, tenemos verdaderas razones para pensar que todo es consciente. Todo lo que ves no importa, podemos sentir directamente lo que hay en nuestra propia naturaleza. Eso es consciente. Nuestra consciencia puede estar en una posición desarrollada o degradada, pero la consciencia se halla cerca de nosotros. Sentimos únicamente nuestra energía mental”.
“Todo tiene su representación en la original, personal, consciente, realidad espiritual. De otro modo no sería posible que se reflejara en este plano como materia. Primero hay consciencia y luego cuando se halla en una condición más burda, aparenta ser materia. En el estudio de la ontología se enseña que cuando estudiamos algo en particular, a pesar de que podemos saber que tiene ciertos atributoa a la vista, y que aparece al oído de cierta manera, que todo esto son apariencias. Independientemente de las apariencias, el aspecto ontológico de una cosa- lo que es- la realidad de algo- es desconocida e incognoscible.
“Mi opinión es que cuando la consciencia va a sentir la materia no consciente tendrá que pasar a través de un área de consciencia para encontrarse con el objeto material. Para que la percepción completa de esa cosa material no pueda ser sino consciente. Y consciencia siempre indica persona. Primero está la concepción y después la idea material.
El mundo consciente está muy cercano y el mundo material está muy lejano, Por ello los grandes rsis, cuyo pensamiento estaba altamente desarrollado, se dirigían hacia todo lo que hallaban en el ambiente como si todos ellos fueran personas. En los Vedas, la antiguas escrituras de India, hallamos que los santos y los sabios siempre están en medio de tantas personas; en el fondo todo es una persona”.
“Pensando, sintiendo, deseando- una entidad viviente tiene tres fases. Y es lo mismo también con Dios y sus potencias. Primero hay un sujeto que existe, luego sus experiencias. Y las experiencias del carácter sutil son lo primero y se les da la mayor importancia. Y cuando el sujeto llega a un área más lejana para concebir la materia, ese será para él el punto más alejado. Se dirigirá a todo lo que le rodea con sus concepciones personales.
Una concepción personal no puede sino señalar que la materia está lejana. La conexión directa de la consciencia es con la sombra, el reflejo de la materia hacia el mundo consciente. El alma puede entender únicamente eso. Si la materia puede existir independientemente, entonces también la materia tiene una sombra en el mundo consciente y el alma tiene que ver con esa sombra.
En otras palabras. Existe la persona y entonces el cuerpo. Tal como el cuerpo es el efecto posterior del agente vivo consciente, la materia es el efecto posterior del espíritu., Independientemente de toda la consciencia material, todo lo que está en contacto con el alma es totalmente personal.
Cidābhāsa es algo como la substancia mental que tenemos en el interior. Hay dos clases de personas kṣara y akṣara: el alma pura liberada y el alma que lucha en la materia. Cuando las personas liberadas y no liberadas se mezclan en el mundo de las transacciones materiales. Ya sean entidades móviles o inmóviles o sea cual sea su posición, aun así han de ser consideradas personas. Debido a que todo es una unidad de consciencia, todo tiene una existencia personal. “Todo es una persona. Antes de ir hacia la concepción material, hemos de pasar a través de una concepción personal o aspecto de esa cosa. En Vṛndāvana todo es consciente, pero algunas cosas posan en forma pasiva. Pero todas ellas son conscientes: el río Yamunā, las vacas, los árboles, los frutos-todo es consciente, espiritual, pero ellos posan en diferentes formas. Los Aryans, siendo capaces de detectar las características conscientes de todo, ven toda la naturaleza como consciente y personal y se dirigen a todo como consciente.
La consciencia y personalidad son las bases universales de la realidad. Cualquier cosa que experimentamos es consciente. El reflejo de un objeto material se halla en mí y el plano en mi interior es consciente. El sujeto es consciencia, y cualquier clase de cosa que pueda ser el objeto, proyectará su reflejo hacia el plano de consciencia. El observador de cualquier realidad objetiva se envuelve sólo con la consciencia de principio a fin y no puede tener ninguna concepción de materia aparte de la de la consciencia”.






Self and Consciousness XVIII: Visions in Trance


What Vyāsa Saw



Great conversations bring great truths into play. The teachings of Jesus Christ when he walked among his disciples near the Sea of Galilea were told in parables to fishermen and carpenters and yet revealed great truths. Farther back in time were the dialogues between Socrates and his friends and students, recorded by Plato. Their conversations are still celebrated as among the great moments in philosophy.

In ancient times another great conversation was recorded in India, in the forest of Naimisharanya. These were not mere fishermen, or carpenters. Nor were they the sons of the elite merchants and politicians of Athens.

The men who gathered in the forest of Naimisharanya were truth-seekers. Most of them had dedicated their life to understanding the nature of transcendental reality. Collectively they had spent decades in meditation, study, and prayer. They led austere lives. They were known as kind to everyone and, while they were expert in debate, had no enemies.  They were truthful and equal to everyone.

80,000 such saints were assembled there at that holy place. 80,000 may seem like a grand number, but today it is a good crowd for an important sports event. 


Music festivals are often attended by more than 80,000 people today. 

80,000 is not really an exaggerated number. In India today if 80,000 people attended a political rally it would be considered a great failure.

More than 100,000 Hindoos and Moslems gathered on the banks of the Sabarmati River, at Ahmedabad, India, to hear their hero, Mahatma Gandhi, speak in 1931, Newspaper Photo 

But this was neither a sports event nor a music festival, nor a political rally but a great conversation, perhaps the greatest conversation ever. 

This conversation would eclipse all others for thousands of years. Even the dialogues of Plato and the parables of Christ pale by comparison with the exchange between the 80,000 saints headed by Śaunaka and Suta, the humble teacher of Vyāsa's message.

All these saints and yogis, erudite Vedic scholars and austere hermits had gathered to hear the conversation between Suta and Śaunaka.

Suta Goswami at the great sacrifice in Naimisharanya





Suta was a great teacher. He had been trained in the Vedas and Upanishads by Vyāsa himself. Eager to hear, the truth-seekers sat in silence as Suta spoke the entire Mahābharata of his guru Vyāsa. These saints and scholars sat quietly and listened with great respect to the entire saga. After all, Suta had been trained in that esoteric literature by the composer, Vyāsa himself.

Now, the sages had gathered there to conduct a great sacrifice, concerned that the coming age would be one of strife and quarrel. They foresaw that the time ahead would be one of genocidal war, corruption, and suffering. They wanted a spiritual message. What they got in the Mahābhārata had many spiritual moments, but left them wanting.

These truth-seekers had elected the wise Śaunaka as their leader, to represent their questions in the great conversation with Suta.
And Śaunaka had put serious questions to Suta.

When he had been pressed to go deeper, Suta revealed that there was indeed a new composition by Vyāsa, one even more comprehensive than Mahābharata.

Suta revealed that even Vyāsa had experienced misgivings. Even after composing Mahābharata for the benefit of humanity, he felt that he had not gone far enough.

The sages were quiet again and listened as Suta described how Vyāsa had retired to the forest for inspiration. He talked of the mysterious visitation of Nārada. When Vyāsa had sat in meditation, searching his soul for a clue as to his despondency, Nārada had appeared before him.

Nārada

And Nārada had explained to Vyāsa what was lacking: he had failed to properly describe the nature of the Personal Godhead. The Bhagavad-Gita alluded to Kṛṣṇa as the Supreme, but Vyāsa had been too subtle: he had not gone far enough to describe the personal qualities of the Godhead.

Vyāsa accepted Nārada as his guru. He took the instructions of his guru to heart and began to think of how he might go further. Vyāsa was a writer. His gift was his ability to compose in Sanskrit; his gift was his poetry and his power to see the truth. He set about his new mission.
Suta was Vyāsa’s disciple, empowered to represent perfectly his point of view. So, at this point, Ṛṣi Śaunaka interrupted.

Śaunaka asked, “O Sūta, Vyāsa was your guru. He was so empowered by God to write the scriptures that we may respectfully refer to Vyāsa as ‘Bhagavan.’ And he had heard everything from Śrī Nārada Muni. So after Nārada’s departure, what did Bhagavan Śrī Vyāsadeva, also known as Badarayana, the author of Vedānta do?”
Many of the sages there nodded in agreement. They had chosen well. Śaunaka certainly represented their own inquiries. This was their own question. They wanted to know how Vyāsa responded to the instruction given him by Nārada.
Sūta smiled. He was honored to have been chosen to represent his gurudeva. Sitting in the shade of a great banyan tree, surrounded by thousands of sages he glanced up as a ray of light pierced the canopy of broad leaves.

Suta smiled as a leaf fell from the heights.
He said: “The ancient river Saraswatī, which is intimately related with the Vedas, has always been a place of pilgrimage. Since time immemorial saints and sages like yourselves have traveled there for peaceful meditation. There, at Śamyāprāsa there is an ashram. There are certain berry trees there called Badari.

In that place, Śrīla Vyāsadeva, made his cottage for meditation. For this reason he became known as Badarinarayan.

Suta explained to the crowd how Nārada advised Śrīla Vyāsadeva to become absorbed in transcendental meditation on the Personality of Godhead and His activities.
“And so it was,” Suta said, “that at that ashram, Vyāsa sat down to meditate after touching water for purification. He fixed his mind, in bhakti-yoga and had a clear vision of the Personal Godhead,Bhagavan Śrī Kṛṣṇa with His eternal associates in the spiritual sky, his personal expansions, his marginal potency as well as the external material energy and its manifestation as the material cosmos. In this way, before he began to compose that great treatise, the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, Śrī Vyāsadeva realized the whole truth. He saw the divine nature in a kind of mystical devotional.

Nārada had explained to Vyāsa that the material miseries of the living entity, which are superfluous to him, can be directly mitigated by the linking process of devotional service. But the Mahābharata had not fully divulged this esoteric secret, so the mass of people could not know this.

Nārada had instructed Vyāsa to create a new transcendental literature which would reveal this divine truth and therefore the learned Vyāsadeva composed the Bhagavata, or Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam. Nārada told him, “I am giving this knowledge to you. You meditate on it. It will reveal itself to you and then you can give full Kṛṣṇa consciousness to others through your writings and teachings. You know how to compose this properly into a suitable treatise. This will be realized by you through bhakti-yoga.”

The Bhagavata was not a new Vedic literature, Suta explained, but a new revelation of divine reality.

Suta said, “In his mediation, Vedavyāsa saw Kṛṣṇa; he saw his cit-śākti, by which he performs His pastimes. In this way, Śrīla Vyāsadeva saw the all-perfect Personality of Godhead. Not only did he see Kṛṣṇa, but His different energies. Kṛṣṇa is not alone. A king is always present with his entourage, his great establishment. Krishna is always surrounded by a big hierarchy, namely the internal energy, the marginal energy and the external energy.”

“In this way, Vyāsa had a divine revelation. In his meditation He not only beheld the Personality of Godhead, but his entire entourage. He could clearly see Rādhā and Krishna and their pastimes in Vrindavan with the vrajabāsīs, the gopīs and knew that this constituted a highly confidential truth. He saw Krishna in Mathura and later in Kurukshetra driving the chariot of Arjuna during the Great War. He saw Krishna speaking the Bhagavad-Gita and revealing the Universal Form to Arjuna. He saw the entire spiritual worlds in infinite manifestations and revelations. He saw the Vaikuntha planets where Vishnu presides in various forms over those who are captivated by divine service in majesty. He saw all the different plenary portions of the Godhead and understood their heirarchy in divinity.”

Suta continued, “In this way, Vyāsa saw the parts of the divine in their plenary portions and expansion. He saw the divine avataras of Godhead revealed before him in that divine vision. and he specifically observed the unwanted miseries of the conditioned souls, who are bewildered by the external energy.”

Suta watched as two golden birds soared and played in the branches of the banyan tree far above the collected saints and sages. They carried twigs to the their nests. He remembered the teachings of Vyāsa, where one bird eats the sweet and bitter fruits of the tree, yet the other, avoiding such enjoyment, is greater in strength and glory for it knows the Self. He looked out over the gathered saints who were so intent in listening, and reflected on the compassion of his master, Vyāsa. He thought he saw his master seated in the crowd and tried to remember his words.

Suta said, “And at last Vyāsa understood his purpose. He knew what he had to write. He saw the remedial measure for the conditioned souls, namely the process of devotional service and realized that he would have to explain it in great detail with examples from the lives of kings, princes, and saints--even demons. And as he came out of his divine trance, Vyāsa began to understand what he would compose and how to write.

He envisioned the scope and sequence of the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam. He took the Gayatri mantra as his inspiration and began: janmādy asya yataḥ...satyam param dhimahi. Vyāsa knew that the entire Bhagavatam would unfold as a commentary on the inner meaning of the Gayatri, and so he states this in his first verse.

Suta continued, “Vyāsa knew that this would be a much greater achievement than the Mahābhārata, for simply by hearing the message of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam one gets attachment for the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Śrī Kṛṣṇa. His meditation was complete. He thought, ‘now I am in full Kṛṣṇa consciousness and I shall impart this knowledge through the Bhāgavatam. I shall not contradict or minimize what I have said before. Vedānta is important. But I shall give a fuller explanation here. I shall rectify whatever mistaken ideas I have given.'"

"Vyāsa thought, 'The Upanishads are condensed into aphorisms. But sometimes they are difficult to understand. People get the wrong idea. The Vedānta is supposed to explain all these things, and yet erudite scholars invent twisted meanings. This Bhagavatam will be the authorized explanation of the Brahma-sūtra, and a further explanation of the Mahābhārata. It shall be the explanation of the Gāyatrī-mantra and the essence of all Vedic knowledge. And one who hears it will experience a change in their materialistic mentality. They will develop a taste for Kṛṣṇa: And as soon as this is effected all the symptoms of the material disease of exploitation begin to disappear.'"

Suta said,  "In this way, Śrīla Vyāsadeva emerged from his divine trance and understood how he would confirm this vision of the Godhead in his writings.”

Suta Goswāmī paused.

“And so it was that the great sage Vyāsadeva, after compiling the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam and revising it, taught it to his own son, Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī, who was highly evolved in in self-realization.”


Śrī Śaunaka asked Sūta Gosvāmī: “Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī was already on the path of self-realization, and thus he was pleased with his own self. So why did he take the trouble to undergo the study of such a vast literature?”

Suta replied: आत्मारामाश् च मुनयो निर्ग्रन्था अप्य् उरुक्रमे कुर्वन्त्य् अहैतुकीं भक्तिम् इत्थम्-भूत-गुणो हरिः
ātmārāmāś ca munayo
 nirgranthā apy urukrame
kurvanty ahaitukīṁ bhaktim
 ittham-bhūta-guṇo hariḥ