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Bhagavad-Gita
Second Chapter
Part
Two: The Path of the Wise
by Michael Dolan/B.V. Mahayogi
by Michael Dolan/B.V. Mahayogi
Going
back to an earlier point in the conversation, we see that Arjuna is concerned that he may incur bad karma
for his action as a hero. Better avoid the fight. What if he tries but
loses?
Kṛṣṇa guides Arjuna’s chariot on the
field of battle as he explains the nature of dharma. All of us must
follow our dharma. Everywhere there is a fight. It is the law of the
jungle. Life is defined by struggle. We cannot control the outcome of any
fight, but we must fight. Inaction is not a path for a hero.
And
yet even in loss there is no shame. There is no diminution in following this
path.[i]
Neither is there any dishonor in death or failure. There can be never loss and
no harm in following the wisdom path of bhakti. A man is measured by his
high ideal. Even one who loses everything in the attempt to reach the highest
ideal has lost nothing in the end. He may not achieve riches in this world, but
he gains eternal life in the next.
In
fact the path of bhakti will save one from the greatest dread. Arjuna
need not fear, for the path of divine love and dedication to God frees one from
the greatest fear, the fear of self-annihilation.
As
Kṛṣṇa has explained the
path of karma sanctioned by scripture may provide riches in this life,
but leads to rebirth and repeated death on the wheel of karma. The path
of renunciation and dry meditation jñāna taken by less fortunate yogis
may lead to nirvana, but merging into the oneness of
undifferentiated spirit is a kind of self-obliteration. Exploitation and karma
is a fearful path: leading to the dark forest of repeated birth and death.
Renunciation and scientific analysis leads to spiritual suicide and
nihilism--another fearful path. But the path of bhakti, or dedication to
God, will free one from all fear.
Kṛṣṇa advises Arjuna, “Let divine love
illumined by wisdom-yoga guide your hand. But do not shrink from the fight.”
Arjuna
has quoted scripture in defense of his inaction. But Kṛṣṇa tells Arjuna that
he should try not to be confused by all the different ideas presented in the
scriptures. [ii]
One
man’s pill is another
man’s poison. Where an
expert doctor can understand what medicine to prescribe to his paitent, a
spiritual mentor or guru knows how to apply the spiritual medicine of the
scriptures in our benefit. Without the help of a mentor or guide, however, we
may be lost.
The
scriptures are filled with prescriptions, remedies for different spiritual
maladies. Since we are all at different levels of spiritual evolution, each of
us needs to follow a slightly different dharmic path. While all these different
paths should ultimately lead us to the path of wisdom, buddhi-yoga, and
ultimately bhakti, according to our advancement, a different course of
action may be recommended at a given moment by our guru or guide.
Arjuna
has accepted Kṛṣṇa
as his guide. Kṛṣṇa
not only guides Arjuna’s
chariot through the dangerous ranks of soldiers, he helps Arjuna through the
mental traps and dangers he faces on the path to enlightenment. He asks Arjuna
therefore to leave aside his parochial ideas about religion and duty and fix
his mind in yoga. Dedication to the Supreme is the purport of all the
scriptural injunctions. Divine love should guide his acts. He must become fixed
in that yoga and discover true samādhi.
Arjuna
seems to grasp the argument, but wants to hear more from his friend and guide
before diving into action. He asks Kṛṣṇa[1]:
“O Kṛṣṇa, then what are
the qualities of one who is on the path of wisdom as you have explained it? You
have spoken of samādhi, being rightly situated, having fixed
intelligence, or steady wisdom. I don’t understand. How does such a wise
man speak and act?”
स्थितधीः किं प्रभाषेत किम् आसीत व्रजेत किम् २.५४
arjuna uvāca
sthitaprajñasya kā bhāṣā samādhisthasya keśava
sthitadhīḥ kiṃ prabhāṣeta kim āsīta vrajeta kim 2.54
समाधाव् अचला बुद्धिस् तदा योगम् अवाप्स्यसि २.५३
śrutivipratipannā te yadā sthāsyati niścalā
samādhāv acalā buddhis tadā yogam avāpsyasi
2.53